Gallery ~ 5

Edwin G. Knowles China Company

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TITLE: Potomac Xanthous Jasmine
MAKER: Edwin M. Knowles China Company
Appointment: 1939
COLLECTION: Marking LeCain

In 1914 the Edwin Grand. Knowles China visitor opened a new plant in Newell, WV. They successfully operated potteries in Chester and Newell until early on in the 1930s when they sold the Chester plant to the George Harker Company and consolidated their business concern at the Newell establish. (Gates, 2009, Gonzalez, 2017).

Title: Potomac
MAKER: Edwin M. Knowles China Company
DATE: 1939
Drove: Mark LeCain

Edwin Merchant Knowles was the youngest son of Isaac Knowles (Knowles, Taylor & Knowles) and in 1900, along with C.A. Smith and Albert Mason they announced the building of a new pottery in the new community of Chester, West Virginia. The Edwin M. Knowles China Visitor was the first to build across the Ohio River from Due east Liverpool. From this beginning, by the second decade of the 20th century many of the larger E Liverpool potteries had relocated to Chester or Newell due to the availability of ample land for development of new style potteries, and the incentives given past the state of Westward Virginia to encourage industrial development in the panhandle.

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TITLE: Deanna
MAKER: Edwin Thousand. Knowles Cathay Company
DATE: 1938
COLLECTION: Museum of Ceramics/Ohio History Connection H 3219

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Tea Trivia:
Drinking tea has been depicted in the movies throughout the decades. Here are x movies in which tea was featured: You've Got Post (1998); How to Brand an American Quilt (1995); The Great Gatsby (2013); Suicide Squad (2016); The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel (2015); The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (2005); Alice in Wonderland (2010); The Peachy Escape (1963); Mary Poppins (1964); Mona Lisa (1986); The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005); The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings (2012/2001); Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004)  Can you think of more than? (Walker, 2021).

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TITLE: Forecast
MAKER: Edwin M. Knowles People's republic of china Company
DATE: 1957
COLLECTION: Mark LeCain

Forecast was one of the concluding Edwin One thousand. Knowles dinnerware styles. The company closed in 1962.

In an undated entry in The West Virginia Review (p 438 ) the Edwin Thousand. Knowles Prc Company is noted equally the "second largest dinner ware manufacturing company in the United States." The plant in Newell, with 19 kilns and the found in Chester with seven, were both in operation at the time. In the article, Knowles details the pottery process and praises the skill of his workers, both men, boys, and girls. Piece of work was paid by the piece, as is often the case today in the pottery. The pottery was unionized and Mr. Knowles commented on the need for the pottery manufacture to move forward with blueprint, decoration, and color. He highlighted several of the visitor lines including the Marion (1930), Mayglow (1930) and Mayflower (1914). (Conley).

TITLE: Criterion
MAKER: Edwin M. Knowles
Date: 1954
Collection: Mark LeCain

Tea Trivia:
Earl Greyness tea was named after Earl Charles Grey of England who was Prime Minister from 1830 to 1834. Even though he accomplished such feats every bit eliminating slavery, the Earl is virtually remembered for his namesake tea. Fable has it that the recipe for this tea was named for Grey as a thanks souvenir for having saved the son of a Chinese tea blender from drowning. Equally a souvenir, the blender presented the recipe for this blackness tea which was flavored with bergamot oil. Information technology is thought to be highly unlikely even so, that Earl Charles Grey e'er visited Red china or performed this heroic act. It may have just been named after him considering he was a powerful leader of the twenty-four hours. (Goodwin, 2019).

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Potters Co-operative Company

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Title:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Visitor
Engagement: 1882-1895
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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In 1882 there was a dispute amid pottery workers and owners concerning the unionization of workers under the Knights of Labor. Eight local potteries came together and passed the "Iron Clad" contract in an endeavour to exclude union workers.

To combat these efforts, a grouping of potters led past Hugh A. McNicol purchased a 75% share of the Dresden pottery of Brunt, Bloor, Martin and Visitor. They set business organization as the Potters Cooperative. The cooperative did not survive more than a year merely the name was retained under reorganization and the pottery survived until 1925. (Gates, 1984, 2009).

TITLE:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Visitor
Date: c 1897
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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The Dresden pottery was purchased with assistance from the Knights of Labor and the potters who were operator/workers of the Potters Cooperative took stock in lieu of a portion of their wages. All profits were divided among the stockholders. (Gates, 1994).

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Hugh A McNicol, was president of the Potters Cooperative until his death in 1914. Following his death, Elizabeth, his married woman, took over until August 1918 when she too passed away and their son, Harry was elected president of the company. (Barth, 1926).

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TITLE:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Visitor
DATE: 1890-1900
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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TITLE:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Company
DATE: 1882-1895
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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TITLE:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Company
Date: 1882-1895
Drove: Williamd and Donna Grayness

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in 1883, some disgruntled Potters Branch workers quit the company and formed the Standard Branch Visitor. (Witt).

This teapot is decorated with a transfer print of moss rose, highlighted with hand practical color. Moss rose was a favorite bloom of the Victorian era and was used by numerous potteries to decorate ware.

TITLE:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Company
Engagement: 1890-c 1900
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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Tea Trivia:
In China the bride and groom volition prepare tea and serve their in-laws as a sign of gratitude for acceptance into the family unit. (Dixon, 2016).

The applied decoration is, again, a transfer print with added gold lining and sponging near the top.

The practical decoration is, again, a transfer impress with added gold lining and sponging near the pinnacle.

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TITLE:
MAKER: Potters Co-operative Company
DATE: 1895-1910
Drove: William and Donna Gray

Tea Trivia:
The tradition of pouring milk into a cup before calculation the hot tea was started so the hot liquid would not crack the cup. Josiah Spode (1733-1797), one of Stoke-on-Trent's foremost potters, perfected a bone china teacup that held upwardly to the hot tea. Those who could not beget these fragile but sturdy cups had to continue pouring the milk in outset and it has remained a tradition in much of Britain. (Barrie, 2018).

Championship:
MAKER: Potters Branch Company
DATE: 1895
Drove: William and Donna Greyness

Tea Trivia:
1 of the benefits of drinking tea is that information technology has loftier levels of antioxidants. This causes the caffeine to absorb more slowly into the drinker'southward system keeping the drinker warning longer. (Chamberlain, 2019).

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French China Company

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Championship:
MAKER: French China Company
DATE: 1898-1916
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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The French China Visitor was organized by the Sebring brothers in 1898, in an area of town known as Klondyke. The proper name was given by local residents to indicate the pottery's corking distance from the middle of the industry, which was centered around 2nd Street. In 1901, they moved the company to Sebring where the French China Visitor continued product until 1929. (Gates, 2009).

Burford Brothers

TITLE: Cable
MAKER: Burford Brothers
DATE: 1881-1904
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

Child size Cable shape in a blue spatter glaze.

In 1879, Robert, George, and Oliver Burford erected a pottery for the production of floor and wall tiles. This venture was unsuccessful and in 1881 they converted the pottery to the product of white granite and CC ware (cream colour).

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By 1887, they had a two kiln operation and, similar most East Liverpool potteries, shipped to the American West and Northwest. The Ohio River gave the local potteries access to the Mississippi and points west. Trenton, New Jersey and British ware were formidable competitors in the East. (Gates, 2009, Burford).

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Championship: Coral
MAKER: Burford Brothers
DATE: 1881-1904
Collection: William and Donna Gray

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The Burford Brothers sold their business concern to the Standard Pottery Company in 1905.

Each Burford brother remained in East Liverpool. Oliver's dwelling had 21 rooms and a separate "house" for the servants. (Allison, 2021).

Championship:
MAKER: Burford Brothers
DATE: 1881-1904
COLLECTION: William and Donna Gray

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As the 19th century drew to a close, American pottery had grown in quality and was recognized in Britain every bit such. The competition from Trenton, New Jersey potteries was the adjacent obstacle to overcome. In 1896 the Burford Brothers shipped a consignment of Jardiniers (blossom pots) to a Trenton pottery company for display at the New Jersey State Off-white allowing the wider pottery consumer to run into, purchase, and employ East Liverpool wares. (Trenton, 1896).

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